Social Contract Is The Formidable Obelisk For...

Social Contract is the formidable obelisk for peacebuilding and statebuilding. One of the oldest and widely cited Social Contract theories is the one of theorist’s John Rawls. His theory proposed an objective perspective of the Social Contract concept that was rooted from medieval Europe, this widely accepted principle that â€Å"all men are by nature free and equal† (Lessnoff, 1990, p. 3) made Rawls disparate to his brethren who too theorized this concept. Rawls rendition of the theory was not only non-traditional to the views of his predecessors (i.e. ‘Junius Brutus’, Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke) it also presented principles of social justice, the origin of society, and placed the state’s action as a standard which was a stark difference to other political philosophical theories. For the purpose of this proposal, the Rawlsian contract will be applied as the base of my argument; this proposal will begin by defining key terminologies, it will then proceed to detail the origins of the Social Contract, it will analyze popular Social Contract theories, it will interpret shared and competing assumptions, and lastly the evidence that support my main argument that the Social Contract is the foundation of peacebuilding and statebuilding will be scrutinized. In order to ensure that the argument will have its optimal impact, the definitions of key words will be presented in this section. To begin, the definition of Social Contact that will be utilized is that of

Animals Essay

Creative Writing My Life - 771 Words

He stood tall in the small crowd, no one seemed to notice him leaning against the pole, eyes glued to his phone. I watched him from across the room, his chocolate curls swept to the right a small ringlet protruding the opposite way in protest. He catches me staring, as he looks up, he flashes a mouthful of perfectly straight white teeth. Looking away, I try not to be obvious, I glance back in hope of catching another glimpse of this perfect human but my heart sinks as the slim figure is nowhere to be found. A firm finger taps my shoulder, turning to see who requests my attention I realise it’s the guy from across the room. â€Å"Hi i’m Tom†. A deep English voice fills my ears, his voice bringing me comfort and excitement. I feel small as I look†¦show more content†¦Trudging along the cobblestone path I feel eyes watching my every move following me as I walked along side a man I just met. Trying not to look down every alleyway as my imagination runs wild with fear of what, or rather who could be lurking in the shadows. I keep my eyes forward in the hope that we’ll soon be out of the dark. A large shadow grows beneath the low light of a street lamp up ahead; uncertain of its cause my body is consumed by apprehension. Focusing on the clicking of my heels as we neared the shadow I proceed with caution, dashing past the alley, turning only to see a large rodent scamper across Tom’s foot. â€Å"Hey, you alright?† In my alarmed disposition Tom’s voice gave me comfort â€Å"Uh yeah i’m fine, I just thought it was going to be something else†, hearing the shakiness in my tone Tom stopped turning to me he slid off his shearling coat offering it to me with the kindest of smiles. Not taking no for an answer, he draped the coat over my numb shoulders. Leading out of a one way street and into the city lights I found my cheeks aching from the ecstatic smile plastered across my face. Stopping in my tracks i t suddenly clicked that i’m halfway across the world; with the London eye standing high above me, every carriage lit up as though it was a dream. Continuing on Tom turned back waiting for me to join him in line for tickets. Consisting mostly of asian tourists the line moved sluggishly as the large wheel spun on it’sShow MoreRelatedCreative Writing : My Life1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthat trap you. Toxic plotting cleared the air as the slow creak of the door echoed in the room. Mouths silenced and heads bowed in submission, they were playing the part, cautious and fearful. Hearts spoke prayers in hope of invisibility. From under my eyelashes I faintly distinguished the singed fringes of his tightly wound lace. Feet like anvils, glided across the glossed floor which contrasted with the ebony skinned boots. Thick at the soul and polished at the toes, they deceitfully drifting smoothlyRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life824 Words   |  4 Pagesof it is gone from my memory. My desk sat second in the column, the fifth and furthest row from the door. The movie Sybil wrapping up on the screen off to the side of me. We all sat in the general sleepy fog as the lights switched back on, putting the room back into normal academic mode. My eyes shot around the room, spending a second to scan all the cheesy teacher posters and quotes from Freud that hung on the walls. I yawned as my eyes zo ned out, hearing bits and pieces of my peers comment on theRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life1380 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat time with my new friends. We spent some time walking around the mall, stopped for lunch, and headed back home. John wanted me to go back to his apartment, yet I felt too uncomfortable being alone with him in his domain. â€Å"Thank you, once again for taking me,† I say as I exit the car. â€Å"Thanks for coming out with us,† says Patsy. This time, I wait by the building door and wave them goodbye before heading inside. As I skip my way up the stairs, ready to tell Alice about my day, my phone shrillsRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life966 Words   |  4 Pagesin. Today was August 2005, and school was nearing a little bit faster than I had hoped. I was on the swing, reading one of my favorite books. The blue bird in the distance called out, and I slowly drifted into sleep. â€Å"Calla Andrews you better get your butt up!† Mom yelled to me. I jerked awake, opening my eyes to a tall figure. My entire family had brown eyes, except me. My little brother constantly reminded me of that difference, and sometimes asked if I was adopted. Mom had always laughed atRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life1063 Words   |  5 Pagesaround us. Theres twenty of us all wearing the same dark blue shirt with the saying NYG 2016 stripping the sleeve we all crawl out the door our eyes drooping, backs slumped, legs moving like a baby preparing for walking. My hands fall and fingers go limp as I throw my arms to my side, we head out the door, leaving behind the place on high alert. With thousands of people passing through every day, many sleeping on the black seats that are in rows. Stores, and restaurants that were way overpriced,Read MoreCreative Writing : My Life887 Words   |  4 Pagesright away, making my stomach turn. I continue to walk around the corner, feeling a slight pulse in my ears. â€Å" Have a seat here. â€Å" the office r points to the end stool near the white painted wall. I drag my feet as I walk to the sit stool that connects to the dividing wall, and face the glass. On the other side of the glass is a empty chair that will soon to be filled with many things. â€Å" Remember that I can hear your conversation. â€Å" the officer looked me cold into the eyes, I nodded my head and triedRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life900 Words   |  4 Pagesthe back doors. As my mom and I left the driveway I waved out the window to lucy- the landlord who has been our landlord since I was born. (14 years ago)- and I turned around, placing my headphones on my head. My mom (who was driving) rolled her eyes. â€Å"All teenagers do is listen to their music,† she said thinking I couldn’t hear her. â€Å"Actually, I am listening to a book, thank you very much,† I stated as I took off my head phones. I think I scared my mom. We giggled. I rested my head on the body ofRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life1325 Words   |  6 Pagesstood waiting for you in my apartment, staring out the black window. My reflection in the warm pale light, legs crossed, half-sat on the arm of the broken sleeper sofa, drinking a beer from the corner store up the street. The lamp on the end table next to me, the rest of the room mirrored behind. Taupe walls, dusty gray carpet, slow-spinning ceiling fan. The shine of the microwave in the kitchenette. Cabinets, sink, refrigerator. The high black table at the tile edge. My bed pushed up in the backRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life830 Words   |  4 PagesWhen lunch period came around, I stepped out of my previous classroom and started walking towards the cafeteria to look for Niall. I turned the corner stepping towards the cafeteria entrance when I feel a strong grip tug on my arm. I turn my head in time to see a closed door. I smell the faint cologne Ive grown to feel nervous around. What are you doing, Harry? I ask looking up at his face hidden in the shadows of his features. Howd you know it was me? He asks chuckling and pushing his curlsRead MoreCreative Writing : My Life1895 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Ms. Swan we have to stop meeting like this.† I’m sure my mouth is doing a perfect imitation of a fish as I stand staring at him. What is he doing here?! His jade eyes seem to almost shine in the evening light, his hair caught in the faint rays of sunlight left, a small smile on his face. What seems like a few hours later, but I’m sure is only a few seconds I finally respond. â€Å"Wh- What are you doing here Edward?† â€Å"Well†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He pauses. â€Å"I couldn’t stop thinking about you after we spoke this morning

Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe - 1082 Words

Imagine, you are walking to the river to fetch water, when you spot a pale, ghostly man approaching off the horizon. He carries a book and is dressed peculiarly. Accompanied by a more familiar man, the two enter the village and request audience with the village head. Many, in this instance, understood things were about to changed. Lives would be ruined, and lives will be saved. We’ve seen many cultural collisions throughout history; such as, Nazi Germany or the Indian Removal in the United States. During the Scramble for Africa many native cultures were compromised and altered. For most tribes this intervention was seen as unnecessary. The Ibo culture was no exception. The majority of the Ibo in Umofia protested foreign influence in†¦show more content†¦He was especially hard on Nwoye who appeared to resemble a relative who was considered a failure. Nwoye had become happier after he’d met Ikemefuna, a role model of sorts. Ikemefuna was brought to their house hold as a peace offering from a neighboring village and would be dealt with later. Although Ikemefuna met Nwoye through less than pleasant circumstances, the two quickly became inseparable. Due to tragic circumstances, the two were severed apart by the swift movement of a blade, held by Nwoye’s father, Okonkwo. Ikemefuna’s death caused Nwoye to see his father and culture in another light, leading to his acceptance of a new religion with different values. The culture that had killed his â€Å"brother† and made his father a murderer was no friend of his. Nwoye was skeptical of the new religion at first ,but later became, â€Å"...a young lad who had been captivated,† (Achebe 147). Eventually, Nwoye recognized that despite the negative stigma on the Christians he felt he belonged with them. When he attempted to interact with the Christian community his father tried to strangle him! As a result, Nwoye left his family, â€Å"but he was happy to leave h is father,† and past obligations behind (Achebe 152). The lingering questions and hopes he had for his father were crushed. He set out with his new identity as a Christian, not the son of Okonkwo. Nwoye wasn’t certain of his identity, he was still in the process adolescents. Due to the complexity

Leo Tolstoy Free Essays

string(59) " imported throughout the mid-1870s and later 19th century\." LEO TOLSTOY Leo Tolstoy, or Count  Lyev Nikolayevich Tolstoy[1]  (Russian:   ?) (September 9, 1828  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ November 20, 1910[2]), was a Russian writer of  realist fiction  and philosophical essays. His works  War and Peace  and  Anna Karenina  represent, in their scope, breadth and vivid depiction of 19th-century Russian life and attitudes, a peak of  realist fiction. [3] Tolstoy’s further talents as essayist, dramatist, and educational reformer made him the most influential member of the aristocratic  Tolstoy family. We will write a custom essay sample on Leo Tolstoy or any similar topic only for you Order Now His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the  Sermon on the Mount, caused him in later life to become a fervent  Christian anarchist  and  anarcho-pacifist. His ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as  The Kingdom of God Is Within You, were to have a profound impact on such pivotal twentieth-century figures as  Mohandas Gandhi[4]  and  Martin Luther King, Jr. [5]  Many consider Tolstoy to have been one of the world’s greatest novelists. [6][7] Biography Tolstoy was born in  Yasnaya Polyana, the family estate in the  Tula  region of Russia. The  Tolstoys  were a well-known family of old Russian nobility. He was the fourth of five children of Count  Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy, a veteran of the  1812 French invasion of Russia, and Countess Mariya Tolstaya (Volkonskaya). Tolstoy’s parents died when he was young, so he and his siblings were brought up by relatives. In 1844, he began studying law and oriental languages at  Kazan University. His teachers described him as â€Å"both unable and unwilling to learn. â€Å"[8]  Tolstoy left university in the middle of his studies, returned to Yasnaya Polyana and then spent much of his time in Moscow and  Saint Petersburg. In 1851, after running up heavy gambling debts, he went with his older brother to the  Caucasus  and joined the  army. It was about this time that he started writing. His conversion from a dissolute and privileged society author to the non-violent and spiritual anarchist of his latter days was brought about by his experience in the army as well as two trips around Europe in 1857 and 1860–61. Others who followed the same path were  Alexander Herzen,  Mikhail Bakunin, and  Peter Kropotkin. During his 1857 visit, Tolstoy witnessed a public execution in Paris, a traumatic experience that would mark the rest of his life. Writing in a letter to his friend V. P. Botkin: â€Å"The truth is that the State is a conspiracy designed not only to exploit, but above all to corrupt its citizens †¦ Henceforth, I shall never serve any government anywhere. † His European trip in 1860–61 shaped both his political and literary transformation when he met  Victor Hugo, whose literary talents Tolstoy praised after reading Hugo’s newly finished  Les Miserables. A comparison of Hugo’s novel and Tolstoy’s  War and Peace  shows the influence of the evocation of its battle scenes. Tolstoy’s political philosophy was also influenced by a March 1861 visit to French anarchist  Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, then living in exile under an assumed name in Brussels. Apart from reviewing Proudhon’s forthcoming publication,  La Guerre et la Paix  (War and Peace  in French), whose title Tolstoy would borrow for his masterpiece, the two men discussed education, as Tolstoy wrote in his educational notebooks: â€Å"If I recount this conversation with Proudhon, it is to show that, in my personal experience, he was the only man who understood the significance of education and of the printing press in our time. Fired by enthusiasm, Tolstoy returned to Yasnaya Polyana and founded thirteen schools for his serfs’ children, based on the principles Tolstoy described in his 1862 essay â€Å"The School at Yasnaya Polyana†. [9]  Tolstoy’s educational experiments were short-lived due to harassment by the  Tsarist  secret police. However, as a direct forerunner to  A. S. Neill’s  Summerhill School, the school at Yasnaya Polyana[10]  can justifiably be claimed to be the first example of a coherent theory of democratic education. Personal life On September 23, 1862, Tolstoy married  Sophia Andreevna Bers, who was 16 years his junior and the daughter of a court physician. She was called Sonya, the Russian diminutive of Sofya, by her family and friends. [11]  They had thirteen children, five of whom died during childhood. [12]  The marriage was marked from the outset by sexual passion and emotional insensitivity when Tolstoy, on the eve of their marriage, gave her his diaries detailing his extensive sexual past and the fact that one of the serfs on his estate had borne him a son. [11]  Even so, their early married life was ostensibly appy and allowed Tolstoy much freedom to compose  War and Peace  and  Anna Karenina  with Sonya acting as his secretary, proof-reader and financial manager. [11]  However, their latter life together has been described by  A. N. Wilson  as one of the unhappiest in literary history. Tolstoy’s relationship with his wife deteriorated as his beliefs became increasingly ra dical. This saw him seeking to reject his inherited and earned wealth, including the renunciation of the copyrights on his earlier works. His fiction consistently attempts to convey realistically the Russian society in which he lived. Anna Karenina  (1877) tells parallel stories of an adulterous woman trapped by the conventions and falsities of society and of a philosophical landowner (much like Tolstoy), who works alongside the peasants in the fields and seeks to reform their lives. Tolstoy not only drew from his own life experiences but also created characters in his own image, such as Pierre Bezukhov and Prince Andrei inWar and Peace, Levin in  Anna Karenina  and to some extent, Prince Nekhlyudov in  Resurrection Anna Karenina Great changes were taking place during the mid-1870s in Russia. The serfs had been liberated in 1861. This was a long-overdue economic change in Russian society, but unfortunately it was not matched with land reform. As a result, most former serfs continued to work on the large farms as â€Å"free† peasants. The â€Å"land question,† also known as the â€Å"peasant question,† was a major political issue in Russia at the time of Anna Karenina. Tolstoy weighs in on this issue in many parts of the book, especially Part Three. At the same time, Russia was slowly and painfully undergoing a process of modernization. Western Europe had already completed many stages of industrialization, and Russia was far behind. Many of the new changes that were happening within Russia were in response to the changes in Europe. Western thought about democracy, liberalism, and social change accompanied the technological innovations that were imported throughout the mid-1870s and later 19th century. You read "Leo Tolstoy" in category "Papers" While many intellectuals and members of society saw this phenomenon in a positive light, others, like Tolstoy, were horrified by the negative aspects of Western â€Å"progress†? the rise of the urban center, the emergence of capitalism, decadent living, and the disconnection of people from the land. Some of Tolstoy’s horror was well-placed: not all Western innovations would work in Russia. For all of its backwardness, Russia was not Europe, and few ideas or technological innovations would change that fact. The scene in which Levin attempts to implement a new agricultural theory on his farm and meets with resistance from his peasants, for example, has a basis in reality. A great deal of the spiritual underpinnings of Anna Karenina, especially Levin’s struggle to find the Lord, are based on Tolstoy’s own life. One critic has called Anna Karenina a â€Å"spiritual autobiography. † Tolstoy went through many religious crises in his life and struggled to find a way of living religiously that fought against the hypocrises and greed of the Greek Orthodox Church. Though the Church is not addressed specifically in this novel? indeed, Tolstoy was excommunicated a few years after its publication and was probably being careful not to upset them with any commentary in Anna Karenina? it is vital to think about Tolstoy’s own spiritual questions when reading this book. Gabriel Garcia Marquez Latin-American journalist, novelist and short story writer, a central figure in the so-called Magic Realism movement. Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born in Aracataca, in the â€Å"banana zone† of Colombia, the first child of Luisa Santiaga Marquez, the daughter of Colonel Nicolas Marquez, and Gabriel Eligio Garcia, an itinerant homeopath and pharmacist. Soon after his birth, his parents left him to be reared by his grandparents and three aunts. At the age of fifteen, he was sent to the Liceo de Zipaquira, a high school for the gifted. He then studied law and journalism at the National University in Bogota and at the University of Cartagena. In 1982 Garcia Marquez was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. Love in the time of cholera Love in the Time of Cholera, published in 1985, was  Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s first book after winning the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982. Although it has often been compared negatively with Marquez’s greatest achievement,  One Hundred Years of Solitude, many critics see Love in the Time of Cholera as a convincing and powerful love story that deftly accomplishes the goal Marquez et for himself: writing a story about love between two people of an age that no respected writer had managed before Gustave Flaubert French novelist of the realist school, best-known for MADAME BOVARY (1857), a story of adultery and unhappy love affair of the provincial wife Emma Bovary. As a writer Flaubert was a perfectionist, who did not make a distinction between a beautiful or ugly s ubject: all was in the style. The idea, he argued, only exists by virtue of its form – its elements included the perfect word, cunningly contrived and verified rhythms, and a genuine architectural structure. Madame Bovary  was first translated into English by Karl Marx’s daughter Eleanor Marx. Gustave Flaubert was born in Rouen into a family of doctors. His father, Achille-Cleophas Flaubert, a chief surgeon at the Rouen municipal hospital, made money investing in land. Flaubert’s mother, Anne-Justine-Caroline (nee Fleuriot), was the daughter of a physician; she became the most important person in the author’s life. Anne-Justine-Caroline died in 1872 Flaubert began to write during his school years. At the age of fifteen he won a prize for an essay on mushrooms. Actually his work was a copy. A disappointment in his teens – Flaubert fell in love with Elisa Schlesinger, who was married and some 10 years his senior – inspired much of his early writing. His bourgeois background Flaubert found early burdensome, and eventually his rebel against it led to his expulsion from school. Flaubert completed his education privately in Paris. On his return Flaubert started  Madame Bovary, which took five years to complete. The realistic depiction of adultery was condemned as offensive to morality and religion. nce Flaubert said: â€Å"Emma, c’est moi. †Ã‚  Delphine Delamare, who died in 1848, is alleged to have been the original of Emma Bovary. Flaubert died of a cerebral hemorrhage on May 8, in 1880. Flaubert’s other, non-literary life was marked by his prodigious appetite for prostitutes, which occasionally led to venereal infections. Direct experiences of the author also were reworked into the novel. For instance, in creating Emma Bovary, the novel’s protagonist, Flaubert was inspired by his mistress Louise Colet, who gave him the insight to consider Emma’s discontented childhood. Moreover, Doctor  Lariviere  was based on Flaubert’s father, and the maid Felicite was based on Flaubert’s nurse, Julie. Flaubert also used medical terminology with the help of his brother Achille and his friend Bouilhet. Initially the novel was considered highly controversial due to its depiction of adulterous affairs, and it was the subject of a trial in 1857. Flaubert delves into the sexual relations between Emma and her lovers and, more importantly, appears to glorify adultery and disgrace marriage. Since it was considered inappropriate for the public, precautions were taken to prohibit access to the book. Setting The setting of Madame Bovary is crucial to the novel for several reasons. First, it is important as it applies to Flaubert’s realist style and social commentary. Secondly, the setting is important in how it relates to the protagonist Emma. It has been calculated that the novel begins in October 1827 and ends in August 1846 (Francis Steegmuller). This is around the era known as the â€Å"July Monarchy†, or the rule of  King Louis-Philippe. This was a period in which there was a great up-surge in the power of the bourgeois middle class. Flaubert detested the bourgeoisie. Much of the time and effort, therefore, that he spends detailing the customs of the rural French people can be interpreted as social criticism. Flaubert put much effort into making sure his depictions of common life were accurate. This was aided by the fact that he chose a subject that was very familiar to him. He chose to set the story in and around the city of  Rouen  in  Normandy, the setting of his own birth and childhood. This care and detail that Flaubert gives to his setting is important in looking at the style of the novel. It is this faithfulness to the mundane elements of country life that has garnered the book its reputation as the beginning of the literary movement known as â€Å"literary realism†. Flaubert also deliberately used his setting to contrast with his protagonist. Emma’s romantic fantasies are strikingly foiled by the practicalities of the common life around her. Flaubert uses this juxtaposition to reflect on both subjects. Emma becomes more capricious and ludicrous in the harsh light of everyday reality. By the same token, however, the self-important banality of the local people is magnified in omparison to Emma, who, though impractical, still reflects an appreciation of beauty and greatness that seems entirely absent in the  bourgeois  class. Flaubert’s novel is a landmark in that unlike the literature of his predecessors, it produces a story of gritty and perhaps even jarring reality. While even today the romanticism of the â€Å"Hollywood ending† is pop ular, the realism of â€Å"Madame Bovary† was quickly reflected in classic works such as Fyodor Dostoevsky’s â€Å"The Idiot† (1869) and Leo Tolstoy’s â€Å"Anna Karenina† (1877). This paper uses the author’s tones in â€Å"Anna Karenina† and â€Å"Chronicle of a Death Foretold† to compare Leo Tolstoy’s and Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s cynical tone towards society. Both authors use satire and irony to criticize the corruption of society and the institution of marriage. The paper shows that Tolstoy focuses on his disapproval of the upper-class aristocracy, while Garcia Marquez satirizes society in general. Tolstoy does not present the aristocracy with much honor or morals, unlike Garcia Marquez who uses a town that, although is corrupted, still has a strong moral back bone. How to cite Leo Tolstoy, Papers

Of simulation and dissimulation Essay Example For Students

Of simulation and dissimulation Essay Dissimulation is but a faint kind of policy, or wisdom; for it asketh a strong wit, and a strong heart, to know when to tell truth, and to do it. Therefore it is the weaker sort of politics, that are the great dissemblers. Tacitus saith, Livia sorted well with the arts of her husband, and dissimulation of her son; attributing arts or policy to Augustus, and dissimulation to Tiberius. And again, when Mucianus encourageth Vespasian, to take arms against Vitellius, he saith, We rise not against the piercing judgment of Augustus, nor the extreme caution or closeness of Tiberius. These properties, of arts or policy, and dissimulation or closeness, are indeed habits and faculties several, and to be distinguished. For if a man have that penetration of judgment, as he can discern what things are to be laid open, and what to be secreted, and what to be showed at half lights, and to whom and when which indeed are arts of state, and arts of life, as Tacitus well calleth them, to him, a habit of dissimulation is a hinderance and a poorness. But if a man cannot obtain to that judgment, then it is left to him generally, to be close, and a dissembler. For where a man cannot choose, or vary in particulars, there it is good to take the safest, and wariest way, in general; like the going softly, by one that cannot well see. Certainly the ablest men that ever were, have had all an openness, and frankness, of dealing; and a name of certainty and veracity; but then they were like horses well managed; for they could tell passing well, when to stop or turn; and at such times, when they thought the case indeed required dissimulation, if then they used it, it came to pass that the former opinion, spread abroad, of their good faith and clearness of dealing, made them almost invisible. There be three degrees of this hiding and veiling of a mans self. The first, closeness, reservation, and secrecy; when a man leaveth himself without observation, or without hold to be taken, what he is. The second, dissimulation, in the negative; when a man lets fall signs and arguments, that he is not, that he is. And the third, simulation, in the affirmative; when a man industriously and expressly feigns and pretends to be, that he is not. For the first of these, secrecy; it is indeed the virtue of a confessor. And assuredly, the secret man heareth many confessions. For who will open himself, to a blab or a babbler? But if a man be thought secret, it inviteth discovery; as the more close air sucketh in the more open; and as in confession, the revealing is not for worldly use, but for the ease of a mans heart, so secret men come to the knowledge of many things in that kind; while men rather discharge their minds, than impart their minds. In few words, mysteries are due to secrecy. Besides to say truth nakedness is uncomely, as well in mind as body; and it addeth no small reverence, to mens manners and actions, if they be not altogether open. As for talkers and futile persons, they are commonly vain and credulous withal. For he that talketh what he knoweth, will also talk what he knoweth not. Therefore set it down, that an habit of secrecy, is both politic and moral. And in this part, it is good that a mans face give his tongue leave to speak. For the discovery of a mans self, by the tracts of his countenance, is a great weakness and betraying; by how much it is many times more marked, and believed, than a mans words. For the second, which is dissimulation; it followeth many times upon secrecy, by a necessity; so that he that will be secret, must be a dissembler in some degree. For men are too cunning, to suffer a man to keep an indifferent carriage between both, and to be secret, without swaying the balance on either side. .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 , .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .postImageUrl , .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 , .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:hover , .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:visited , .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:active { border:0!important; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:active , .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068 .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u937bbe0e5f6c94c403ce28f7b6ba6068:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Darkness of Macbeth EssayThey will so beset a man with questions, and draw him on, and pick it out of him, that, without an absurd silence, he must show an inclination one way; or if he do not, they will gather as much by his silence, as by his speech. As for equivocations, or oraculous speeches, they cannot hold out long. So that no man can be secret, except he give himself a little scope of dissimulation; which is, as it were, but the skirts or train of secrecy. But for the third degree, which is simulation, and false profession; that I hold more culpable, and less politic; except it be in great and rare matters. And therefore a general custom of simulation which is this last degree is a vice, rising either of a natural falseness or fearfulness, or of a mind that hath some main faults, which because a man must needs disguise, it maketh him practise simulation in other things, lest his hand should be out of use. The great advantages of simulation and dissimulation are three. First, to lay asleep opposition, and to surprise. For where a mans intentions are published, it is an alarum, to call up all that are against them. The second is, to reserve to a mans self a fair retreat. For if a man engage himself by a manifest declaration, he must go through or take a fall. The third is, the better to discover the mind of another. For to him that opens himself, men will hardly show themselves adverse; but will fair let him go on, and turn their freedom of speech, to freedom of thought. And therefore it is a good shrewd proverb of the Spaniard, Tell a lie and find a troth; as if there were no way of discovery, but by simulation. There be also three disadvantages, to set it even. The first, that simulation and dissimulation commonly carry with them a show of fearfulness, which in any business, doth spoil the feathers, of round flying up to the mark. The second, that it puzzleth and perplexeth the conceits of many, that perhaps would otherwise co-operate with him; and makes a man walk almost alone, to his own ends. The third and greatest is, that it depriveth a man of one of the most principal instruments for action; which is trust and belief. The best composition and temperature, is to have openness in fame and opinion; secrecy in habit; dissimulation in seasonable use; and a power to feign, if there be no remedy.